Core Vaccines: Essential Protection for Every Cat

1. FVRCP Vaccine

Also Called: The "distemper" or "three-way" vaccine.

Protects Against:

• Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR/FHV-1): A herpesvirus causing severe upper respiratory infections.
• Calicivirus (FCV): Causes respiratory disease, oral ulcers, and sometimes lameness.
• Panleukopenia (FPV): Often called "feline distemper," a highly contagious and often fatal gastrointestinal disease.

Schedule & Cost:

• Kittens: First dose at 6-8 weeks, boosters at 10-12 and 14-16 weeks, followed by a 1-year booster.
• Adults: A booster every 3 years after the initial series (or annually, depending on the vaccine type and vet recommendation).
• Cost: $15–$30 per dose. A full kitten series typically costs $60–$120.

2. Rabies Vaccine

Legal Requirement: Mandatory by law in most regions due to public health risks.

Protects Against: The fatal rabies virus, a zoonotic disease transmissible to humans.

Schedule & Cost:

• First Dose: At 12–16 weeks of age.
• Boosters: Annually or every 3 years, depending on the vaccine type and local regulations.
• Indoor Cat Note: Essential even for indoor-only cats due to legal requirements, escape risks, and potential exposure from bats or other wildlife entering the home.
• Cost: $20–$35 per dose.

Non-Core Vaccines: Based on Risk Assessment

1. Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

Recommended For: All kittens (as part of initial series), outdoor cats, cats in multi-cat households with unknown FeLV status, and cats in endemic areas.

• Schedule: Two doses, 3–4 weeks apart, starting at 8 weeks, with a booster at 1 year, then every 2 years for at-risk adults.
• Testing First: Always test for FeLV before starting the vaccination series.
• Cost: $25–$40 per dose.

2. Other Non-Core Vaccines

• Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): Generally not recommended due to limited efficacy and because it causes vaccinated cats to test positive on standard screens.
• Chlamydia (Chlamydophila felis): For cats in catteries, shelters, or multi-cat households with a history of conjunctivitis outbreaks. Cost: $20–$30.
• Bordetella bronchiseptica: Recommended for cats frequently boarded, in shelters, or attending shows. An intranasal vaccine given annually. Cost: $20–$30.
• Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): Current vaccines are not considered effective and are not recommended by major veterinary organizations.

Kitten Vaccination Schedule & Costs (First Year)

A typical kitten vaccination timeline includes three to four veterinary visits.

Adult Cat Vaccination Schedule

• Annual Wellness Visit: Includes a physical exam ($50–$75) and any due vaccines (FVRCP, Rabies, FeLV). Total typically $110–$180.
• 3-Year Protocol (Common for FVRCP/Rabies): Lower long-term cost. Year 1: FVRCP + exam. Year 2: Exam only. Year 3: Rabies + exam. Average annual cost: $60–$100.

Vaccine Safety & Potential Reactions

Common Mild Reactions (24–48 Hours)

Lethargy, slight fever, decreased appetite, and mild soreness at the injection site are normal. Provide rest and fresh water.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

Contact your vet immediately for:

• Persistent vomiting/diarrhea
• Facial swelling or hives
• Difficulty breathing
• Collapse
• Severe lethargy lasting >48 hours

Vaccine-Associated Sarcoma (VAS)

A rare but serious cancer at the injection site (incidence: 1–10 per 10,000 vaccines). Risk is higher with adjuvanted (killed) vaccines like some rabies and FeLV shots. Prevention Strategies:

• Use non-adjuvanted (e.g., recombinant) vaccines when possible.
• Administer specific vaccines in recommended distal limb locations (e.g., rabies in the right rear leg below the knee) to facilitate treatment if needed.
• Space out vaccine administration when feasible.

Vaccine Titers: An Alternative Approach

Blood tests that measure antibody levels to assess immunity.

• Pros: Can avoid unnecessary boosters for some diseases.
• Cons: More expensive than vaccination; results can be difficult to interpret; not a legal substitute for a rabies vaccine.
• Cost: $80–$200 per titer.

Lifestyle-Based Vaccine Recommendations

Special Considerations

• Pregnant/Senior/Ill Cats: Consult your veterinarian. Vaccination may be postponed or protocols adjusted based on health status.
• Immunocompromised Cats (e.g., FIV+): May not respond well to vaccines. Use killed or recombinant vaccines only, as advised by your vet.

Keeping Records

Maintain a permanent file with:

• Vaccine type, manufacturer, and lot number
• Date administered and due date for next booster
• Name of administering veterinarian/clinic
• Rabies Certificate: A legal document required for licensing, travel, and boarding.

Conclusion: An Investment in Lifelong Health

Vaccinations are a critical, cost-effective component of preventive care. While the upfront costs for a kitten series ($290–$520) or annual adult care ($60–$250) may seem significant, they pale in comparison to the emotional and financial toll of treating preventable diseases like panleukopenia, which can cost thousands in hospitalization with no survival guarantee.

Work closely with your veterinarian to develop a personalized vaccination protocol for 2026 and beyond. Regular wellness exams and keeping detailed records will ensure your feline companion enjoys a long, healthy, and protected life.